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How Many Stage do Kidney Cancer Have?

kidney cancer staging (1,2,3,4)

The size of tumor might be one of important things for planning the best treatment of kidney cancer. The doctor calls this tumor’s staging, it is based on the size whether the cancer has spread and to what parts of the body (kidney cancer metastatic). The staging of kidney cancer can be divided as follows: 1.  Stage I (early stage). It has up to 2 3/4 inches on its size. The cancer cells are found only in the kidney. 2.  Stage II is much m…

Bone Marrow Failure Syndroms in the Pathophysiology Concept of Aplastic Anemia

aplastic-anemia-pathophysiology-diagram_thumb.jpg

Aplastic anemia is an immune-mediated disease where bone marrow does not produce sufficient new cells to replenish blood cells in the paradigm of the human bone marrow failure syndroms (wikipedia). Hematopoietic stem-cell compartment is the target for the immune response in the pathophysiology concept of Aplastic anemia. The following figure shows the immune destruction of hematopoiesis occured. Sections such Clinical associations, Pathophysiol…